This digital document is a journal article from Desalination, published by Elsevier in 2007. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Description:
The inoculation and acclimatization of activated sludge (AS) is one of the vital components to provide preferably suspended aerobic growth and desired treatment mechanism for a treated wastewater using MBR. The performance of a floating media biofilter-submerged membrane bioreactor (FMB-SMBR) and a submerged membrane adsorption bioreactor (SMABR) were investigated during the acclimatization. It was observed that the duration of sludge from wastewater treatment plant in Sydney acclimated to synthetic wastewater was about 25 days for FMB-SMBR system, while SMABR took around 12 days to reach the stabilization. The acclimatized FMB-SMBR (without membrane operation) resulted in significant high dissolved organic removal of 94%. The acclimatized FMBR-SMBR system showed more than 20% TOC removal efficiency than that of the acclimatized SMABR system. Meanwhile, the results of oxygen uptake rate (OUR) measurement suggested that OUR is an accurate and simple indicator to biological process acclimatization. Membrane fouling study of the FMB-CFMF system was also carried out. The results indicate that the acclimatized FMB could be used as a pretreatment unit prior to SMBR in order to minimize membrane fouling when the FMB-SMBR system operates under sub-critical flux condition.

This digital document is a journal article from Hormones and Behavior, published by Elsevier in . The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Description:
Seasonal changes in an animal's morphology, physiology, and behavior are considered to be an adaptive strategy for survival and reproductive success. In the present study, we examined body weight and several behavioral, physiological, hormonal, and biochemical markers in seasonally acclimatized Brandt's voles (Microtus brandti) to test our hypothesis that Brandt's voles can decrease energy intake associated with decrease in body weight, body fat content, serum leptin level, and increasing thermogenesis in winter conditions. We found that the body weight of Brandt's voles was lowest in winter (December to February) and highest in spring and early summer (May to June). This seasonal variation in body weight was associated with changes in other markers examined. For example, the winter decrease in body weight was accompanied by increased energy intake and enhanced nonshivering thermogenesis (NST) as well as by decreased body fat mass and reduced levels of circulating leptin. Further, circulating levels of leptin were positively correlated with body weight and body fat mass, and negatively correlated with energy intake and uncoupling protein 1 contents. Together, these data do not support our hypothesis and suggest that leptin may be involved in this process and serve as a starvation signal in Brandt's voles. s.

This digital document is a journal article from Journal of Hazardous Materials, published by Elsevier in 2006. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Description:
Removal rates of acetone and methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) were determined singularly and in combination in batch experiments employing an acclimatized activated sludge from a pilot system treating an organic chemical manufacturer industrial wastewater, as well as during the course of operation of the pilot system. Both acetone and MIBK removals were described by first-order removal kinetics. Acetone, as a single substrate, was biodegraded at a rate of 1.7day^-^1. MIBK was biodegraded, during the single-substrate experiments, at an observed rate of 2.23day^-^1. Relative to the control (no spike) experiments, acetone removal was augmented by a factor of 3 during the acetone spike, with an observed biomass-specific removal rate of 0.0023L/mg VSSday. MIBK removal during an MIBK spike was also enhanced by a factor of 2, and the greatest biomass-specific removal rate of MIBK was observed during the acetone spike of 0.0019L/mg VSSday. The observed rates were approximately 3 orders of magnitude greater than the observed rates in the pilot scale system. MIBK exerted a synergistic effect on the acetone-removal rate while acetone exerted an inhibitory impact on the MIBK-removal rate.